Terdapat beratus-ratus baka ayam yang wujud pada hari ini.[1]
Ia telah diternak sejak beribu-ribu tahun yang lalu. Ciri-ciri fizikal
digunakan bagi membezakan baka-baka ayam iaitu saiz, warna bulu, jenis
balung, warna kulit, warna telur dan tempat asalnya.[1]
Ia juga dibahagikan mengikut kegunaan utamanya sama ada untuk telur,
daging atau tujuan hiasan. Beberapa jenis baka memiliki kegunaan lebih
daripada satu.[1]
Mengikut tempat asal
Australia
Austria
Belgium
|
Brazil
Bulgaria
Kanada
Chile
China
Croatia
- Ayam katik Croatia (Hrvatska patuljasta kokoš)
- Ayam Dalmatia (Dalmatinska kokoš)
- Hrvatica (Hrvatica)
- Ayam Berjambul Križevac (Križevačka kukmasta kokoš)
- Ayam Berjambul Sava (Posavska kukumasta kokoš)
- Ayam Katik Leher Botak Slavonia (Slavonska patuljasta golovrata kokoš)
Cuba
Fail:Cubaroo.jpg
Cubalaya
Czechia
- Czech gold brindled hen (Česká slepice zlatá kropenatá, Česká zlatá kropenka, Češka)
- Šumavanka
Mesir
Finland
Perancis
Jerman
- Ayam Annaberger
- Ayam Augsburger
- Bergischer Long Crower
- Bergischer Schlotterkamm
- Bielefelder
- Deutscher Sperber
- Deutsches Reichshuhn
- Ayam Dresdner
- East Frisian Gull
- Faverolles Jerman
- Langshan Jerman
- Hamburg
- Kraienköppe (Twentse)
- Lakenvelder
- Ayam Niederrheiner
- Ayam Pfalz (Pfälzer Kampfhuhn)
- Phoenix
- Ramelsloher
- Rheinlander
- Ayam Saxon
- Ayam Sundheimer
- Ayam Bauk Thuringian
- Ayam Vogtländer
- Vorwerk
- Ayam Westphalia
Greece
Sumber [2]- Ayam Pulau Alonissos
- Boufunes
- Mutasi Ayam Keriting
- Ayam Follidotes
- Ayam Titik Cuckoo Greek
- Ayam Greek Bertudung
- Ayam Laga Chios
- Ayam Kalamata
- Komotini Long Crow Chicken
- Lesvos Dwarf Naked Necked Chicken
- Lesvos Fillianes Chicken
- Ayam pulau Milos
- Ayam Laga Pomak
India
- Giri Raja (Raja Hutan)
- Kalinga Perang
- Mumbai Desi
- Grama Lakshmi
- Naati Kori (Kudla)
- Kadaknath
- Naked Neck
- Dwarf
- Control Broiler
- Aseel
- Dalhem Red
- Vanaraja
- Gramapriya
- Punjab Broiler
Iceland
Indonesia
- Ayam Cemani
- Ayam Bekisar
- Ayam Sumatra
- Kedu
- Nunukan/Tawao
- Pelung
- Ayam Ketawa (baka asli daripada Rappang, Sulawesi Selatan)
- Bali (ayam tanpa bulu leher)
Iran
- Manx Rumpy (or Rumpless Game)
- Orloff [3][4]
Itali
Jepun
- Bantam Jepun (atau Chabo)
- Shamo (atau Ko-Shamo)
- Tomaru
- Totenko
- Onagadori
Korea
Kosovo
Malaysia
Marianas
Belanda
New Zealand
- Bawu Hawu
- Ayam hutan New Zealand
- Waki Waki Hawa
Norway
[ Pakistan
- Asil (or Aseel)
- Afghan game fowl
- Buff chicken
Filipina
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Rusia
Serbia
- Leher Botak Banat (Banatski gološijan)
- Ayam Sombor (Somborska kaporka)
- ayam Svrljig (Svrljiška kokoš) [5]
Slovakia
Afrika Selatan
Sepanyol
[ Switzerland
- Appenzeller (Barthühner and Spitzhauben)
- Schweizer chicken (Schweizerhuhn)
Turki
Ukraine
United Kingdom
The Buff variety of Orpington, here a rooster, is quite popular breed for smaller flocks.
Amerika Syarikat
|
Vietnam
Mengikut kegunaan utama
All chickens lay eggs, have edible meat, and possess a unique appearance. However, distinct breeds are the result of selective breeding to emphasize certain traits. Any breed may technically be used for general agricultural purposes, and all breeds are shown to some degree. But each chicken breed is known for a primary use.Telur
Fail:Whitetufts.jpg
Araucanas are one of the only breeds to lay
blue or green eggs, and can be recognized by their lack of tail and
distinctive ear tufts
Daging
Some breeds are preferred for meat alone, though the commercial broiler market is currently monopolized by the Cornish-Rock (a hybrid of the Cornish and Plymouth Rock). Many smaller farms and homesteads use dual-purpose breeds for meat production.- Bresse
- Indian Game (atau Cornish Game)
- Ixworth
- Jersey Giant
Dual kegunaan

The Barred Plymouth Rock adalah antara baka dua-guna yang sangat popular
Hiasan
Since the 19th century, poultry fancy, the breeding and competitive exhibition of poultry as a hobby, has grown to be a huge influence on chicken breeds. Many breeds have always been kept for ornamental purposes, and others have been shifted from their original use to become first and foremost exhibition fowl, even if they may retain some inherent utility. Since the sport of cockfighting has been outlawed in the developed world, most breeds first developed for this purpose, called game fowl, are now seen principally in the show ring rather than the cock pit.Key |
---|
U denotes a breed primarily used for exhibition, but which is still used for utility purposes. |
G denotes a game breed. |
Bantam
Kebanyakan baka ayam yang bersaiz besar mempunyai pasangan yang bersaiz miniatur yang dikenali sebagai katik atau bantam. Baka Bantam ini bersaiz satu per lima atau satu per empat dari baka aslinya, dengan ciri-ciri dan penampilan yang serupa dengan baka aslinya. Walaubagaimanapun Bantam asli tidak memiliki pasangan yang bersaiz besar. Baka bantam asli termasuk:Baka kacukan
Many common strains of cross-bred chickens exist, but none breed true or are recognized by poultry breed standards. Thus, though they are extremely common in flocks focusing on high productivity, cross-breeds do not technically meet the definition of a breed. Most cross-breed strains are sex linked, allowing for easy chick sexing.- Black Sex Link (also called Black Stars)
- Red Sex Link (also called Red Stars)
- ISA Brown
- Lohmann Brown
- Daisy Belle
- Cream Legbar
- Cornish-Rock
- Easter Egger
- Ayam daging
Lihat juga
Nota kaki
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 (Ekarius 2007, p. 23)
- ↑ Rare Breeds and Varieties of Greece - Atlas 2010
- ↑ Ralat petik: Tag
<ref>
tidak sah; teks bagi rujukanEkarius_2007
tidak disediakan - ↑ (Percy 2006, p. 17)
- ↑ Svrljig chicken
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ [2]
- ↑ [3]
Rujukan
- American Standard of Perfection, American Poultry Association.
- Ekarius, Carol (2007). Storey's Illustrated Guide to Poultry Breeds, 210 MAS MoCA Way, North Adams MA 01247: Storey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-58017-667-5.
- Graham, Chris (2006). Choosing and Keeping Chickens, 2–4 Heron Quays London E14 4JP: Octopus Publishing. ISBN 9780793806010.
- Heinrichs, Christine (2007). How To Raise Chickens, Voyageur Press. ISBN 9780793806010.
- Percy, Pam (2006). The Field Guide to Chickens, Suite 200, 380 Jackson St, St Paul MN 55101: Voyageur Press. ISBN 0760324735.
Pautan luar
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Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan: Chicken breeds |
- List of fancy chicken breeds at poultryhub.org
- Chicken Breeds at feathersite.com
- Chicken Breed Selector Tool at mypetchicken.com
- Henderson's Chicken Breed Chart
- Main Breed Chart at backyardchickens.com
- Many pictures of Chicken Breeds at kippenencyclopedie.nl
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